Periodontal disease is defined by the inflammation of the tissues which surround and support teeth. Also known as Periodontitus, the disease leads to the progressive loss of bone structure, loosening, and the eventual loss of the affected teeth.

The disease is caused by microorganisms that attach to the surface of the teeth and then grow on the tooth's surface. These microorganisms can be protected by plaque, which hinders their removal by regular tooth brushing.

Treatment of Periodontal disease is made up of three phases; the first being diagnosis of the disease. Once diagnosed, a treatment regimen is defined. Depending on the veracity of the disease, treatment can range from a few simple procedures to oral surgery. Once the disease is controlled, a maintenance schedule is developed which includes simple home care combined with dental office visits and cleanings every three to four months.